Monthly Archives: février 2014

Bulgarie France Allemagne Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest Roumanie

07.02.2014 The integration of the Rroma as a pan-European task

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On the occasion of the visit of the Romanian President in Berlin, Von Borstel and Lachmann address the roles of the individual EU countries in the integration of Rroma. Von Borstel/Lachmann quote the federal office of labour which estimates that about 180,000 Rumanians and Bulgarians will migrate to Germany, from which a quarter is reported to have University degrees. For what period of time this forecast is done is not stated. After this relatively differentiated preface, the article quickly becomes very one-sided. The authors only speak of the salient, visible Rroma and extrapolate them to the norm: “Even at that time [2013] they were drawn to the district of Neukölln, the melting pot of Berlin with residents from 160 countries. And quickly through organised begging some Roma became an integral part of the cityscape: Women with small children begging in front of churches, larger children harassing tourists, young people making noise on old instruments in the subway, or annoying drivers as “window cleaners” at major intersections. Every now and then a man from the clan comes and collects the begged money.” Some time later, the Romanian president Băsescu is quoted indicating that these very visible Rroma are a minority of the minority. But the statement is immediately followed by the next stereotype: the migrating Rroma are said to be the ones that Romania failed to integrate. Immigrants are sweepingly made into problem cases. Rroma willing to integrate do not exist, the article suggests. The European Union social affairs minister László Andor is quoted saying that the debate about immigration must be more rational and less emotional. The Rroma Contact Point strongly agrees with that.

The right-wing populist platform unzensuriert.at (2014) presents the visit of president Traian Băsescu in Berlin in an extremely biased fashion: it only emphasizes the negative aspects and is openly racist towards Rroma: “More and more Roma migrate from the two South-Eastern European countries to Austria, Germany or France and thereby cause a whole series of problems; from social welfare to crime. Cities like Dortmund or Duisburg and the district of Neukölln have seen thousands of Roma arrive. Side effects such as begging, crime and the neglect of entire districts are the consequence.” Such generalising, unreflecting, and xenophobic reporting can only be described as stupid. The comment column of the article is also permeated by racist arguments.

République tchèque Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Segregation of Rroma in Northern Bohemia

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Ebert (2014) reports on the children centre “Ambrela” in Schluckenau, an institution for assisting disadvantaged children, primarily Rroma. The children are – amongst others – helped with homework, whereby the still widespread segregation of Rroma children in the Czech Republic should be challenged. Many Rroma children are enrolled into so-called “practical classes”, which do not foster their skills and greatly reduce their chances on the labour market: “educational discrimination” is the keyword. This phenomenon ensures anywhere in Central and Eastern Europe that ethnic or social minorities remain where they are: on the edge of society. The Czech Republic is no exception. Especially members of the Roma minority are likely to be sent into the so-called “practical schools”[ … ].” Pastor Pavel Prochazka complains that the support of the Rroma is boycotted or disapproved by numerous representatives of the majority society and thereby maintains segregation. The emphatic article disapproves the educational discrimination against Rroma in public schools in the Czech Republic. However, it also indirectly confirms notions of impoverished, poorly educated Rroma, as they regularly circulate in the media.

Allemagne Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Racism accusation to the German police

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The Central Council of German Sinti and Rroma accuses the German police of internal racism, referring to investigation-files on the NSU (National Socialist Underground) murder of a police officer in 2007. In the files, there seem to be racist remarks like “gypsies, who typically lie” and comments about a Rrom, for whom lies are said to be a “substantial part of his socialization”. The investigation into the murder, which was assigned to the National Socialist Underground later, paradoxically was conducted with racist prejudices. The central chairman Romani Rose calls for criminal penalties: “In the memos there were remarks that are highly racist and resemble the jargon of the Nazis”, Rose complained” (Spiegel 2014, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 2014, Schultz 2014).

France Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Racially motivated acid attack against Rroma in Paris

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Le Monde (2014) reports about an acid attack against Rroma who live on the street, close to the Place de la République. The offender had doused the Rroma’s mattress with acid and escaped when sighting eyewitnesses. The attack is just one in a series of acid attacks, which took place against the Rroma. Apparently, all harassments were done by the same person. It is believed that the perpetrator is the owner of an adjacent house. The victimized Rroma are preparing to file complaint against the offender: “The Rroma are encouraged to file complaint at the police office of the third arrondissement, the assistant of the organisation Autremonde has also filed complaint. “The officer in charge of the case is said to “use all possible means to find the perpetrator”, Mediapart states […]”. That the police truly helps the affected Rroma unbiased, is to be hoped.

Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest Pologne

07.02.2014 Photo series about Rroma in Wroclaw

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The NZZ currently published a short photo gallery on Rroma in Wroclaw (Breslau), in south-western Poland. The emphatic photo reportage by photographer Adam Lach focuses on the exclusion and marginalization of the Rroma in Eastern Europe. Despite his benevolent perspective, the photographer perpetuates and indirectly disseminates stereotypes about the Rroma, because he focuses exclusively on the impoverished, visible Rroma. That there are also integrated Rroma that do not correspond to the stereotype of poverty is not mentioned here (Lach 2014).

France Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Libération criticizes the Rroma policy of Martine Aubry

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Boy (2014) from Libération criticizes the promises made by Martine Aubry, mayor of Lille, concerning the accommodation and integration of Rroma into the city. Aubry is said to have claimed in a public statement to want to accommodate 30% of the Rroma living in France in the city of Lille. In a later announcement she is said to have corrected the number to 10% of the Rroma. The statements are especially contradictory because several large Rroma camps of Lille had been evicted during the summer of 2013: “The mayor of Lille tries to justify this huge discrepancy by explaining that she did not renounce her policy, but that Lille hosts a disproportionate part of the Roma population of France: 30% [of the population] she stated in November on France Inter. “I have never changed my declaration since 2008, I have always said the same thing: humanity, she said. Accommodate a part of the Roma, but not 30% of all those on the French territory. We are ready to accommodate 10%, that is to say 1,500. With humanity.” Boy rightly points out that the figures about the Rroma based in France – immigrated ones as well as those with a French passport – are very inaccurate. But to accuse Aubry of a repressive Rroma policy is inappropriate. Aubry called on several occasions for an inclusive policy towards the Rroma in France.

France Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Integration efforts for Rroma families in Hellemmes-Lille

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La Voix du Nord (2014) reports on the installation of several caravans, where Rroma who moved to Hellemmes are supposed to stay in the future. The five Rroma families benefit from the assistance of local politicians, the help has at the same time drawn the anger of local residents. The children of the five families are already enrolled in local schools. The mayor is optimistic despite the resistance: “We remember that the announcement of the opening of the insertion village angered many residents. What’s about now? “The residents of Hellemmes now make the difference between the Roma and our Roma”, said the mayor.” The integration efforts on part of the mayor of Hellemmes are very commendable, but they form an exception to the otherwise very repressive policy towards the Rroma. Also one should not forget that there are many Rroma in France who have been living integrated and unobtrusive in the country for many years. Of them is never spoken in the media.

Grèce Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest

07.02.2014 Increasing discrimination of Rroma in Greece

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Roumpis (2014) paints a bleak picture of the social situation of Rroma in Greece: Segregated schools, growth of extreme right-wing groups, maintenance of pejorative stereotypes and harsh economic conditions make life for many Rroma in Greece an unhappy thing. The prejudice against the minority wad additionally fuelled by the media hype around the blonde Rroma girl Maria. Also, a conservative public accuses the Rroma to burden social welfare: “In Sofades, a town of 6,000 that’s evenly divided between Roma and “balamos” — what Roma call white Greeks — many Roma live in unheated, barely fitting houses made of asbestos, stone and zinc. Although they patronize local Greek-owned shops, they aren’t welcome in cafes and bars. […] Greece’s financial crisis has made matters worse. Many Roma families receive financial assistance for low-income households and having more than three children, an issue that has bred resentment.”

Bulgarie Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest Roumanie

07.02.2014 „I Met Lucky People: The Story of the Romani Gypsies“ by Yaron Matras

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Matras is a linguist and advocates the rights of the Rroma. His new book “I Met Lucky People”, which was published on 6th of February. According to the reviewer Katharine Quarmby, the book presents a heterogeneous, non-political view on the Rroma, their social organization, their language, their traditions and identity. A non-political perspective is particularly desirable due to the polemical, un-objective debate about mass immigration from Romania and Bulgaria. However, the book is not confined to the presentation of alleged facts, but holds a mirror up in front of the readers and shows them how the widespread knowledge about the Rroma tells more about the authors than about Rroma themselves: “The book […] makes a strong argument for his contention, that the way we gadjes, or non-Roma people, talk and write about the Romani people reflects more about us than reflecting their reality. This reflection is not a pretty one.” Matras remind the persecution of the Rroma in Europe, and also in Great Britain, where the author is based. The chapter on the language Rromanes falls into the expertise of the author, as he is a linguist. Quarmby qualifies as particularly compelling Martras’ writing about the creation of myths and identities by the majority society. This topic has already been investigated in the German-speaking world by Klaus Michael Bogdal. Towards the end of the book review, the reviewer outs herself as also charged with prejudice, when she indicates that the immigrant Rroma, British Rroma and Irish Travellers are said to only meet in scrap yards. She doesn’t seem to have an awareness of non marginalized, invisible Rroma living in Great Britain. Finally, Quarmby points to the important question of whether it is appropriate that non-Rroma represent Rroma people and to what extent this is practice is challenged by Rroma. Matras is optimistic that Rroma activists, academics and writers are increasingly questioning this status quo (Quarmby 2014).

France Nouvelles d'Europe de l'est Nouvelles d'Europe de l'ouest Roumanie

07.02.2014 France: the one-sided focus on slums and evictions continues

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Vermorel (2014) of the Midi Libre spoke to the prefect of Nîmes, Didier Martin. Martin called for the residents of an illegal settlement next to the Saint-Gilles highway to leave the place immediately. The argument was enforced with police presence. Only recently before this, the collective Solidarité Roms, was assured by Julie Bouaziz, the head of the cabinet of Nîmes, that there was no set date for the eviction. Martin indicates in the interview that the eviction is not only done for regulatory reasons, but primarily because of the railway project “Oc’via”, which is disturbed by the settlement. In March, a judgment by the district court of Nîmes was issued calling for the families to immediately leave the area in question. The construction company Oc’via agreed in their own negotiations with the families that they could stay on the area until December 2013. Now the company has suggested a replacement area to the families, not far from the current location, in order that the children can continue to go to school. – A major part of the French press focuses exclusively on problem cases that arise in connection with Rroma. That there integrated Rroma living in France, ranging from 100,000 to 500,000 people, depending on the estimates, is almost never mentioned. Also, there are Gens du Voyage in France that form their own ethnic group and are not related to the Rroma. They took up a travelling lifestyle in response to the political upheavals in Europe in the 15th century. Most Rroma are permanently sedentary (see Duret 2014 Midi Libre 2014).

In Villeurbanne, the police evicted an occupied house with around 100 Romanian Rroma, the newspaper Libération (2014) reports. Half of the residents are children. The prefecture asked for the re-housing of families with children under the age of three: “The organisation in charge did not know if all families would be relocated, saying that a census by the department direction of social cohesion had previously been made to find solutions. “The prefect of Rhone requested the relocation of families with children under three years,” the prefecture indicated.”  

Bertrand (2014) reports from a slum on the outskirts of Marseille, where around 20 Rroma families try to integrate and are at risk of forced evictions. Cendrine Labaume from Médecins du monde reports that Rroma are increasingly victims of acts of violence committed by uninhibited residents: “the Roma are by far the most affected by the violence. National and local political discourses have uninhibited speech, and sometimes acts.” The statement is followed by spiteful and openly racist comments from residents of the settlement, who complain about dirt, noise and lack of adaptation of the Rroma and openly display their disrespect. The resident Rroma try to live in an as dignified way as possible. The order inside the huts is not seen from the outside, only the disorder. The increasing neglect of the settlements is partly due to the high frequency of evictions that hinder the establishment of an appropriate infrastructure, which leads to illegal tapping of electricity and water. The evictions are said to have somewhat improved since the interministerial circular from the 26th of August 2012. The government and aid organizations are now supposed to keep a minimal standard of hygiene, health care and safety in the settlements. However, according to Bertrand, this support meets the opposition of many local residents, who want to get rid of the Rroma.

Courtel (2014) of Nordéclair reports on a newly created Rroma settlement in Roncq, in northern France. Her article highlights the usual picture: Enraged residents, led by the mayor Vincent Ledoux, impoverished Rroma and the will to get rid of them as soon as possible. Courtel does not even tries to contextualize, but limits herself entirely to the reporting of “facts” about the occupation of the location, which was tolerated by the supra-regional and national authorities. She perpetuates the notion of asocial, non-integrable Rroma: “Meanwhile, the camp becomes a sewer. This land has turned into open battle space, a dirty slum” [Vincent Ledoux]. Unrest has taken hold of the residents living closest and the employees of the commercial area. […] A complaint was filed to establish a “clearly defined timeframe” [for the eviction]. The court authorizes the use of public force. But the prefecture did not respond. The timeframe passes, it is impossible to implement an evacuation. During the municipal council of the 17th of December, the represent ask for the help of the Government… the request remains unanswered.”

Ouest-France (2014) reports in a short article on three Rroma settlements in Saint-Herblain that were searched by the police. The occasion for the comprehensive police control was the theft of metal and metal cables that is attributed to Rroma from the settlements. As a result of the raid a Rrom was temporarily arrested. By not reflecting about discrimination against the Rroma, this article perpetuates ethnic stereotypes about criminal Rroma. Ethnic stereotypes build a great obstacle to the successful integration of this minority.

Nouvelles suisses

07.02.2014 Arrest of two Rroma girls in Rapperswil-Jona reinforces racial prejudice

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The arrest of two Rroma girls between the age of ten and seventeen in Rapperswil-Jona is taken as an opportunity by several Swiss newspapers to confirm racial prejudice. The two girls started running when sighting a patrol car, which drew the attention of the police officers on them. According to the journalists, the girls had previously stolen screw-drivers from a basement with which they intended to perform further thefts. The reference to the ethnicity of the girls is totally unnecessary as it reinforces racial prejudice against the members of the minority. Rroma are not more criminal than the representatives of other ethnic groups. To ascribe them cultural-related crimes, lacks any respect and sanity (Südostschweiz 2014, Zürcher Oberländer 2014).

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